health equity research topics

Lesbian, gay, and transgender Veterans' experiences in the Veterans Health Administration: positive signs and room for improvement. Hispanic people experienced the largest percentage point decline in their uninsured rate over the period, which fell 32.6% to 19.1%. 2018 Jan 14;1-8. The results also showed that transgender men were more likely to be dissatisfied with mental health care than transgender women (people who identify as women, but were assigned a male gender at birth). Kendal Orgera Read about Dr. Marsh and how to apply for the research funding here. We also see sizeable disparities when looking at mortality rates for other treatable conditions. have hearing loss. Communities that are predominantly Black and Latinx/Hispanic tend to have fewer primary care providers and lower-quality health care facilities than communities that are mostly white.40 Federal and state policymakers could start to reverse these inequities by raising payment for primary care providers and transitioning primary care reimbursement to value-based payment that enables investment in health promotion, disease prevention, and chronic disease management.41 For example, North Carolina now has a prospective Medicaid payment model that emphasizes primary carebased population health management, while Oregon and Washington are linking Medicaid payments to performance on equity measures.42. Undocumented immigrants are not eligible to enroll in Medicaid or marketplace coverage and lawfully present immigrants face restrictions that limit Medicaid eligibility for many who have had lawful status for less than five years. While health systems alone cannot address all the structural inequities that contribute to differential health outcomes, there are a number of policy options for addressing unequal access to care and unequal treatment within health care facilities. NIEHS offers a broad range of job opportunities, career enhancement programs, and research training grants and programs in environmental health sciences and administration. Examples of how to build trust with communities include using frequent, transparent communication and by forging partnerships with community health workers and other trusted messengers. They also suggested monitoring health outcomes by race and ethnicity. 2018 Mar;108(3):e1-e11. African-American Veterans storytelling: a multisite randomized trial to improve hypertension. To equip public health professionals with the tools to address these inequities in their communities, the report outlines numerous ways to advance equitable change in housing equity through policy and advocacy, cross-sector partnerships and community engagement and education. An earlier 2017 study at several VA medical centers found that there were few health differences between LGBT Veterans who lived in rural or small towns and urban and suburban Veterans in a sample of 252 LGBT Veterans. Health disparities are one way we can measure our progress toward achieving health equity. And systems are needed to track whether states, health systems, and health plans are reducing racial disparities in clinical outcomes, coverage, access to clinicians, and a host of other health-related gaps. All Health is Connected: Can Leveraging Women's Health Care Help Narrow Gaps in Black Men's Health? 2016 Jan 28;51(2):216-29. The supplement included a systematic review of interventions to reduce disparities in at-risk Veteran populations and a discussion of the role implementation science can play in advancing health equity research. Published: Jul 16, 2021. Racial and ethnic equity in health care should be a top priority of federal and state policymakers. privacy@rwjf.org Donate today and help APHA promote and protect the health of all people by creating the healthiest nation in one generation. For example, as a group, African-Americans typically have worse health outcomes than whites. Although terminology varies between disciplines and countries, terms such as health disparities (used in the USA), health inequalities (used in the UK) and health inequities (used by the World Health Organization) all signify a shared concern Mental health and medical health disparities in 5135 transgender Veterans receiving healthcare in the Veterans Health Administration. Equitable Health for All; 2024 Health Equity Impact Goal; CEO Roundtable; Scientific Research; Value in Healthcare Initiative; AHA Financial Information; Office of Health Equity. 2017 Sep;55 Suppl 9 Suppl 2:S50-S58. Veterans with transgender-related diagnoses residing in small or isolated rural towns had increased odds of tobacco use disorder and PTSD compared with their urban transgender peers. This fact sheet calls on reaching those at highest risk and most vulnerable and using data to determine those categories. Improving diverse representation in the scientific community promotes equity in research and healthcare delivery . Figure 6: Citizenship Status of Nonelderly Uninsured Population by Race/Ethnicity, 2019. (Epub ahead of print.). Other factors may be provider-related, such as implicit bias or cultural sensitivity, and communication with different groups of patients. Once disparities are identified, and researchers have some understanding of what may be driving them, interventions are designed and tested to reduce or eliminate the problem. Privacy Policy, International Health Care System Profiles, Read the report to see how your state ranks, Equity Profiles by Race/Ethnicity (zip) , Mortality Profile of the Non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native Population, 2019, COVID-19 Mortality Among American Indian and Alaska Native Persons 14 States, JanuaryJune 2020, Social Inequities Explain Racial Gaps in Pandemic, Studies Find, Assessment of Community-Level Disparities in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infections and Deaths in Large U.S. Metropolitan Areas, COVID-19 and Overall Mortality Inequities in the Surge in Death Rates by Zip Code Characteristics: Massachusetts, January 1 to May 19, 2020, Trends in Differences in Health Status and Health Care Access and Affordability by Race and Ethnicity in the United States, 19992018, Race, Socioeconomic Status, and Insurance Type in the Receipt of NCCN Guideline-Concordant Care for Select Cancer Types in California, For Selected Services, Blacks and Hispanics More Likely to Receive Low-Value Care Than Whites, How Structural Racism Works Racist Policies as a Root Cause of U.S. A VA study led by researchers at the Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center in Philadelphia and the VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System is testing a patient-centered non-invasive psychological intervention to improve pain outcomes and reduce disparities in African-American and white Veterans with knee arthritis. What is Health Equity? APHA is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. There are no webcasts currently scheduled. For each of the 24 indicators, we calculate a standardized z-score for each state/population group with sufficient data. How do we achieve health equity? 2017 Jun;4(3):194-201. They found that the annual mortality of white men was about 32 per 1,000, versus about 23 per 1,000 for black men. Consensus around the definition of health equity can help bridge divides and foster productive dialogue among diverse stakeholder groups. Cardiac rehabilitation can be a life-changing step in the journey to recovery from heart failure playing a critical role in improving quality and length of life.. What is cardiac rehab? The Indiana University School of Public Health: Bloomington (SPH-B) invites applications for multiple tenured/tenure-track faculty positions in the Department of Health & Wellness Design (HWD). Parents wealth shapes their childrens educational, economic and social opportunities, which in turn shape their childrens health throughout life. The purpose of the workgroup was to determine how VA could achieve a more equitable health care delivery system. Between 2010 and 2016, there were large gains in coverage across all racial/ethnic groups under the ACA. Most Veterans felt welcome at their facility and were comfortable about disclosing their sexual orientation and gender identity with their VA provider, although these levels were lower among transgender patients. These strategies and more are described and can help reduce the growing gaps in wealth and health. Episode 2 of "That's Public Health" Watch on Researchers at the VA Puget Sound Health Care System conducted an online survey of 298 transgender Veterans living in the United States. Among women, white women have the highest rates of cancer, followed by black, Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander, and American Indian/Alaska Native women. Exploring rural disparities in medical diagnoses among Veterans with transgender-related diagnoses utilizing Veterans Health Administration care. To promote health equity, the team suggested that more research needs to be done to identify the underlying reasons for poor control of high blood pressure and diabetes in different ethnic groups. Examining weight and eating behavior by sexual orientation in a sample of male veterans. Will Veterans answer sexual orientation and gender identity questions? Substantial evidence links greater wealth with better health. CDC also reported in 2017 that 7.4 percent of adult white Americans had diabetes during the period 20132015, compared with 12.7 percent of blacks, 12.1 percent of Hispanics, and 8.0 percent of Asian-Americans. Gout is more common in African-Americans than whites, and African-Americans are more likely to have worse outcomes and take their medications less regularly. Mental health and medical health disparities in 5135 transgender Veterans receiving healthcare in the Veterans Health Administration. Longitudinal studies have documented strong, pervasive links between income and multiple health indicators across the life span. Sickle cell trait is a genetic variant of hemoglobin, a protein in blood cells, which is found in 8 to 10 percent of African-Americans. Arthritis pain studyArthritis is a painful, disabling condition that disproportionately affects African-Americans. We optimize the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, learn and age. (RAND Corporation). No racial disparities in VA kidney transplant evaluationsIn contrast to what has been found in some private sector studies, VA patients who need a kidney transplant are unlikely to face racial disparities in the evaluation process, according to a 2016studyby researchers based at VA and university sites in Pittsburgh; Nashville, Tennessee; Portland, Oregon; and Iowa City, Iowa. Hb1Ac may systematically underestimate past glycemia in black patients with sickle cell trait and may require further evaluation. Topic Health Equity Research Nov. 1, 2022 Model Shows Where Women Lost Access to Abortion After Dobbs Patient Care Oct. 26, 2022 UCSF Launches Initiative to Address Disparities in Pulse Oximetry Performance Patient Care Aug. 11, 2022 Abortion Ban May Increase Risk of Death for Pregnant Women with Cancer Research Jun. (University of Miami Miller School of Medicine); Dolores Acevedo-Garcia, Ph.D., M.P.A.-U.R.P. A resource for kids, parents, and teachers to find fun and educational materials related to health, science, and the environment 2018 Jan 25. Despite efforts to address the problem of racial and ethnic health disparities in the United States, experts acknowledge significant barriers to good health still exist, according to a 2012 report by the Institute of Medicine. Thestudy, published in 2016, included 618 African-American Veterans with uncontrolled hypertension from three VA medical centers. 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Topics of interest include: -Human factor studies with vulnerable and underserved populations including people with a diagnosis of a serious mental illness, older adults, justice-involved, people experiencing homelessness, home-bound individuals -Design with/for underserved populations Share on Facebook. While Medicaid and the ACA marketplaces have provided coverage options for people losing employer-sponsored coverage who might otherwise become uninsured, some of those losing employer-sponsored insurance may become uninsured. Follow @hill_latoya on Twitter The five racial and ethnic data categories we include in this report often group together populations with different experiences, cultures, immigration barriers, and other socioeconomic factors. J Gen Intern Med. 2017 Sep;55 Suppl 9 Suppl 2:S9-S15. Health disparities are defined as significant differences in healthcare or health status between distinct, vulnerable populations linked with social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantageand an elevated burden of ill health or premature mortality. Med Care. The Biden administration has taken actions to facilitate enrollment of eligible people in health coverage. ", Special Section: Addressing health equity through state, regional partnerships, Climate change, health equity 'inextricably linked', Complete streets promoting health equity in communities: Supporting transportation for all users, Health departments placing stronger emphasis on equity, All Health is Connected: Can Leveraging Women's Health Care Help Narrow Gaps in Black Men's Health? African-American and Hispanic Veterans said they had more negative experiences in obtaining access to health care than whites. There are also opportunities to change how care is delivered and who delivers it: Reducing inequitable administrative burdens affecting patients and providers. 2017;64(10):1411-1431. Creating the Healthiest Nation: Children's Environmental Health (PDF) explains how exposure to environmental pollutants during childhood can have lifelong negative health impacts, including developmental delays and higher risks of cancer and asthma. A study published in 2017, led by researchers at VA's Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, attempted to determine whether the benefits of the PCMH model extend equally to all races and ethnic groups. Hormone therapy, gender affirmation surgery, and their association with recent suicidal ideation and depression symptoms in transgender Veterans. Perceived barriers to kidney transplantation in African-AmericansResearchers from the Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center in Charleston, South Carolina, and the Medical University of South Carolinaasked27 African-American kidney recipients about their perspectives on the challenges, barriers, and educational needs related to kidney transplants from living donors. The study included 602 patients who were evaluated for a transplant at one of four VA transplant centers. Other surveys have found that when CPAP adherence was comparable between blacks and whites, African-Americans' blood pressure actually responded better. The uninsured rate for the total nonelderly population increased from 10.0% in 2016 to 10.9% in 2019. Other analysis finds that nearly two in three (66%) Black nonelderly uninsured adults and 69% of Hispanic nonelderly uninsured adults can access a zero-premium plan. 2018 Jan;64:243-53. https://doi.org/10.26099/ggmq-mm33, Race Based Disparities, State Health Policy, Coverage and Access, Performance Measurement, 2022 The Commonwealth Fund. Health News, Current Health News, Medical News on FOXNews.com. Despite these gains in coverage, people of color remained more likely to be uninsured than their White counterparts as of 2016. We are a dual-site, cross-VISN center, with investigators in Pittsburgh and Philadelphia. Equitable Health for All; 2024 Health Equity Impact Goal; CEO Roundtable; Scientific Research; Value in Healthcare Initiative; AHA Financial Information; Office of Health Equity. But 12 states have yet to take advantage of the laws expansion of Medicaid eligibility, which has significantly improved equity in coverage and access and has helped health care facilities in underserved communities (including IHS providers) become more financially stable.25 Further, Black and Latinx/Hispanic communities are disproportionally represented in states that have not expanded Medicaid: 43 percent of Black and 36 percent of Latinx people live in the 12 nonexpansion states. Make heart-healthy lifestyle changes, take your medication as prescribed and work in partnership with your health care professionals. Understanding why disparities exist is complex, and explanations usually include many factors. Beginning in 2017, coverage gains began reversing, and the number of uninsured increased for three consecutive years. It occurs in people with only one copy of the genethose with two copies are considered to have sickle cell disease, a group of related blood disorders. Creating the Healthiest Nation: Water and Health Equity (PDF) discusses the root problems to access and affordable water in the United States today. Investing in social services. Will the American Rescue Plan Reduce the Number of Uninsured Americans? David C. Radley, Senior Scientist, Tracking Health System Performance, The Commonwealth Fund, David C. Radley et al., Achieving Racial and Ethnic Equity in U.S. Health Care: A Scorecard of State Performance (Commonwealth Fund, Nov. 2021). Research shows that having health insurance makes a key difference in whether, when, and where people get medical care and ultimately how healthy they are. Positive experiences of lesbian, gay, and transgender VHA users in the study provide supportive evidence that VHA staff training efforts to raise awareness and competency have been successful. With the temporary changes under ARPA, over six in ten (63%) nonelderly uninsured are eligible for financial assistance, while the remaining 37% are not eligible because their state did not expand Medicaid, their income was too high to qualify for marketplace subsidies, or they were ineligible due to their immigration status. 2017 Sep;55 Suppl 9 Suppl 2:S85-S89. We owe our sincere appreciation to the four member advisory panel who provided crucial feedback and review throughout development of the methods used in this report the group included Cara James, Ph.D. (Grantmakers In Health); Zinzi Bailey, Sc.D., M.S.P.H. The second and third most common topics were disparities related to sex and mental health condition. These differences are primarily driven by differences in coverage rates among nonelderly adults by state expansion status. As many people lose jobs and income, many may face disruptions in their health coverage since most people get their insurance through their employer. Uninsured nonelderly Hispanic and Asian people are less likely than their White counterparts to be eligible for coverage because they include larger shares of noncitizens who are subject to eligibility restrictions (Figure 6). Many of them are Veterans themselves. Subst Use Misuse. Race-based unfair treatment built into institutions, policies, and practicessuch as residential segregation in impoverished neighborhoods; discrimination in bank lending to residents of largely minority neighborhoods; and discriminatory policing and sentencing practicescontinue to play a major role in wealth inequality between people of color and white people in the United States. (Updated August 2022). Data also show that, if all remaining states expanded Medicaid, six in ten uninsured adults who would become eligible would be people of color. Although the United States is one of the worlds most affluent nations, it is also the most economically unequal. The ACA created new health coverage options that helped to narrow, but did not eliminate, these disparities in health coverage. These coverage losses likely reflected a range of policy changes made by the Trump administration that contributed to reduced access to and enrollment in coverage. Lehavot K, Williams EC, Millard SP, Bradley KA, Simpson TL. The site is secure. Office of Extramural Research All About Grants Podcast featuring The NIH Loan Repayment Programs Tune in to a new episode of All About Grants, a podcast for investigators, fellows, students, research administrators, and others just curious about grants policy, process, and other topics relevant to NIHs extramural research program. Call: 988 (Press 1), U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs | 810 Vermont Avenue, NW Washington DC 20420. The proportion of white people reporting cost as a barrier to receiving needed care ranges from 6 percent in the District of Columbia and Hawaii to 14 percent in Georgia, Oklahoma, Alabama, and Mississippi. Health equity research in the Veterans Health Administration: we've come far but aren't there yet. All Rights Reserved. Challenges young children face todayand into adulthoodcan reflect their parents lack of opportunities. This brief examines trends in health coverage by race/ethnicity between 2010 through 2019, prior to the onset of the COVID-19, and discusses the implications for health disparities. Large disparities in access to care between white and most nonwhite populations are apparent across states. Sexual minority male Veterans may be more likely to experience eating disorder and food addiction symptoms compared to heterosexual male Veterans. As an example, for adult uninsured rates, we calculate standardized scores using point estimates for 191 pairs of state racial and ethnic groups (51 white, 48 Latinx/Hispanic, 39 Black, 37 AANHPI, 16 AIAN) with sufficient data. California Expands Medi-Cal, Offering Relief to Older Immigrants Without Legal Status, How Insurers Can Advance Health Equity Under the Affordable Care Act, The Impacts of Physician Payments on Patient Access, Use, and Health, Buying Health, Not Just Health Care: North Carolinas Pilot Effort, To Advance Health Equity, Federal Policy Makers Should Build on Lessons from State Medicaid Experiments, Access to Telematernity Services After the Pandemic, Modernize Medical Licensing, and Credentialing, Too Lessons From the COVID-19 Pandemic, Patient Administrative Burden in the U.S. Health Care System. Multisite interviews of a diverse sample of Veterans at primarily minority-serving sites showed generally high levels of health care satisfaction, with few qualitative differences by race, ethnicity, or gender. Bernard J Tyson Fund; Diversity and Inclusion; EmPOWERED to Serve; Health Ecosystems; Social Impact Fund; Health Equity in the Workplace; Heart & Stroke News. First, providing access to health care doesn't, in itself, guarantee equal health outcomes. The Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion (CHERP) is a VA HSR&D Center of Innovation (COIN). A 2015studyby researchers with VA and the University of California, Los Angeles, looked at more than 1,200 California Veterans with prostate cancer. Closing remaining gaps in coverage would help to address longstanding disparities in health, which have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Lehavot K, Katon JG, Simpson TL, Shipherd JC. The authors suggest that partnerships between VA and Veterans can provide essential new insights into ways to eliminate health care disparities and ways to transfer new approaches into treatment settings where they are most needed. If expansion dose not proceed, an additional nearly 127,000 uninsured nonelderly adults would fall into the coverage gap. View our page to search various areas of interest and methodology. 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